MHA FPX 5028 Assessment 3 Best Practices Report Performance Indicators

 

In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) published its first global health ranking report, encompassing various key performance indicators among its member countries. These indicators span life expectancy, maternal and child mortality, disease mortality rates, infrastructure, and vaccination rates. Despite challenges in data collection, the first set of potential SCD quality indicators was published in 2011, comprising 41 metrics distributed across six domains (Oyeku & Faro, 2017). Additional global measures include prevalence data and mortality rates across the life cycle (PAHO, 2023). However, determining the true mortality rate of SCD remains challenging due to associated co-morbidities and complications (Thompson et al., 2023).

Table 1: SCD Key Performance Indicators

KPI	United States	Jamaica
Accessibility	5 hematologists per 100,000 residents (Ramsey et al., 2021)	4.73 hematologists/100,000 (AAMC, 2017)
		5.36 hematologists/100,000 (Ramsey et al., 2021)
Affordability	Average monthly out-of-pocket costs: $108.33 (NIH, 2022)	Average monthly out-of-pocket medical costs: $15.52 in US dollars (Ramsay et al., 2021)
Delivery	Universal Health Care (UHC); 68% of SCD patients covered by Medicaid or Medicare or both (Grady et al., 2021)	64% of residents (UHC), Sickle Cell Unit (outpatient) and University of West Indies are not covered by UHC (includes labs, prescriptions, imaging, etc.) (Ramsay et al., 2021)
Mortality	68% decrease in deaths of SCD in ages 0-3 between 1999-2002 compared to previous 3-year period (Grady et al., 2021)	Average life expectancy 52.6 years in 2022 (Grady et al., 2021); 87% survival rate in children ages 0-5 (Serjeant et al., 2018); Average life expectancy: 58 years for women, 53 years for men (Ramsay et al., 2021)
Prevalence	1:365 Black Americans w/SCD; 1:13 Black with SC trait (Thompson et al., 2023)	1:150 with SCD; 1:10 with SC trait (Thompson et al., 2023)
Quality	Influenza vaccination: 25-34% (Payne et al., 2021); Pneumonia vaccination: 80% of children < 12 years (Adamkiewicz et al., 2023)	Influenza vaccination: 98% of all children <18 years; Pneumonia vaccination: 91% of SCD children < 4 years (Serjeant et al., 2018; Hardie et al., 2009)
Screening	Universal newborn screening (Thompson et al., 2023)	Universal newborn screening (Thompson et al., 2023)
Treatment	Hydroxyurea: 33% of patients between 2015-2017 (Su et al., 2019); Blood transfusions: Discontinued as primary prevention circa 2001 (Shravya et al., 2023)	Hydroxyurea: 23% of patients receive drug (Ryan et al., 2020); 61% of patients receive, but only during crisis (Olujohungbe et al., 2001)

Conclusion

In conclusion, leveraging best practices from countries like Jamaica offers a pathway to improve outcomes for SCD patients globally. Through collaborative efforts and strategic implementation of cost-effective interventions, the burden of SCD can be alleviated, particularly in regions with limited resources.

References

Azevedo, M. J. (2017). The state of health system(s) in Africa: challenges and opportunities. Historical Perspectives on the State of Health and Health Systems in Africa, Volume II: The Modern Era, 1–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32564-4_1

Pan American Health Organization. (n.d.) Strengthening health systems & services in Jamaica. https://www.paho.org/en/stories/strengthening-health-systems-services-jamaica

MHA FPX 5028 Assessment 3 Best Practices Report